This is more common in females, especially after menopause.īelow are some factors that may increase a person’s risk of developing dry eyes.
When tear production drops to a certain point, the eyes can become dry and easily irritated and inflamed. Reduced tear productionīy the age of 50 years, tear production reduces. Problems with the inner layer can lead to dry patches on the cornea, which is the clear membrane that sits in front of the iris and pupil of the eye. The inner layer consists of mucus that enables the tears to spread evenly over the eyes. If the water layer is too thin, the oil and mucus layers may touch each other, resulting in a stringy discharge that is characteristic of dry eyes. Problems with the middle layer can lead to tear film instability. The water and salts help cleanse the eyes by washing away particles and irritants. The middle layer of the tear mixture is the thickest and consists of water and salt from the tear, or “lacrimonial”, glands.
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Examples include the inflammatory eyelid condition blepharitis and the inflammatory skin condition rosacea. Faulty oil levels can cause the tears to evaporate too quickly.Ĭertain conditions can block the meibomian glands, interrupting oil production and making dry eyes more likely. The oils help to smooth the tear surface and slow down the rate of tear evaporation. The top layer of the tear mixture consists of oil that derives from the meibomian glands in the edges of the eyelids. Problems with any of these can lead to dry eye symptoms. The tear film consists of three layers: oil, water, and mucus. The main causes of dry eye are insufficient tear production and an imbalance in the tear mixture, which makes them evaporate too quickly. Tear glands are responsible for the production of tears. Healthy eyes have a constant covering of “tear film,” which is a fluid membrane that enables clear vision and prevents the eyes from becoming dry.
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